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Following on from the previous post on Abrahamic alternatives to war the participants at the forum agreed to the following action programme:
1. As Believers in the one God, we all believe that to continue our conflicts is violation of God’s moral code and its imperative of justice. Violent actions as humans do not promote the cause of God and have negative repercussions for all.
2. We all believe that the concepts of “holy war” or crusades are neither compatible with the will of God nor with the true spirit of our religions.
3. We all believe that Just Peacemaking is the best option to resolve human conflicts and actively work toward the elimination of the conditions that lead to violence. We define violence as the illegitimate use of force.
4. We all believe that we have the responsibility within our respective communities to correct scriptural misinterpretations used to justify violence, through education of our own religious communities about the true message of our faiths, and also through engagement in intrafaith dialogue.
5. We all believe that we need to look both inward to our traditions as we do this work, and look outward to share results and receive feedback.
6. We all believe that psychological issues, social issues, and historical narratives must be taken into account as critical components of the process of conflict transformation.
7. We all believe that there is no religious justification for “terrorism” that targets innocents/noncombatants.
8. We recognize that we have continuing tensions, unresolved issues, and tasks, such
as:
a) to take account, soon, of the extraordinary crisis and risk to human survival
in current global affairs. We cannot wait, however, to solve all the “issues” before we act;
b) to understand in what sense each tradition must promote its own claims for “truth” without engaging in triumphalism. Can an “invitational” religion not imply some form of superiority over others?
c) to determine if our diverse historical experiences remain merely side by side, or must we work to write a common account of our histories? Are histories reconcilable? Can we internalize the “other’s” history?
9. We propose to explore a world day of celebration of shared human dignity.
10. We all agree that we should explore the necessary procedures and steps to implement this document.
11. We all agree to mine our own religious traditions to further develop the Just Peacemaking practices.
–
The basic tennets of Just Peacemaking, as cited in the document are:
1. Support nonviolent direct action.
2. Take independent initiatives to reduce threat.
3. Use cooperative conflict resolution.
4. Acknowledge responsibility for conflict and injustice and seek repentance and forgiveness.
5. Advance democracy, human rights, and religious liberty.
6. Foster just and sustainable economic development.
7. Work with emerging cooperative forces.
8. Strengthen the United Nations and international efforts for cooperation and human rights.
9. Reduce offensive weapons and weapons trade.
10. Encourage grassroots peacemaking groups and voluntary associations.
–
Sure, I hear you thinking, this is all mum-and-apple-pie stuff. But it’s very real and very achievable, but only if we each take personal responsibility for making it happen. This goes way beyond “have you hugged a Jew / Christian / Muslim today” to asking yourself, “what can I do myself, with my family, within my own community, in my own country, and in the world to make peace a viable alternative to war?“
October 23rd, 2008
The United States Institute of Peace recently released a report, Abrahamic Alternatives to War: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Perspectives on Just Peacemaking.
Summary
- Jewish, Muslim, and Christian sacred texts all contain sections that support violence and justify warfare as a means to achieve certain goals. In particular historical circumstances, these texts have served as the basis to legitimate violent campaigns, oftentimes against other faith communities.
- Many of the passages from sacred texts in all three religious traditions that are misused in contemporary situations to support violence and war are taken out of context, interpreted in historically inaccurate ways, or can be better translated. Finally, all of these passages need to be understood within (and constrained by) the primary spiritual aims of the individual faith.
- There are also a great many teachings and ethical imperatives within Jewish, Christian, and Muslim scriptures that promote peace and present the means to achieve it. These include mandates to strive for political, social, and economic justice; tolerant intercommunal coexistence; and nonviolent conflict resolution.
- The three religious delegations that participated in the conference leading to this report presented slightly different and yet overlapping methods for peacemaking articulated by their sacred scriptures. The considerable overlap led the scholars to affirm the existence of a coherent “Abrahamic Just Peacemaking” paradigm, which began to take focus through their rigorous interfaith debate.
- Further work is needed to articulate fully this Abrahamic Just Peacemaking paradigm. The conference scholars committed themselves to continued development of this model in pursuit of a rigorous and effective faith-based program to promote alternatives to war.
About the Report
Eight Muslim scholar-leaders, six Jewish scholar-leaders, and eight Christian scholar-leaders met from June 13 to 15, 2007, in Stony Point, N.Y., at a conference sponsored by the United States Institute of Peace and the Churches’ Center for Theology and Public Policy. Conference participants specified practices within each of the three faith traditions that could lay the groundwork for nonviolent alternatives to resolving conflict and addressing injustice, while also identifying roadblocks in the sacred texts of their traditions to creating such processes. The scholars ’ teachings found that these ancient religious teachings on peace and justice are often consistent with modern conflict-resolution theory. This report examines passages that support violence in each tradition’s scripture, presents definitions of “just peacemaking” in each tradition, summarizes places of convergence that might create the foundation for a program offering an Abrahamic alternative to war and presents a joint statement and series of commitments reached at the end of the conference.
A fantastic initiative, and a fascinating read!
You can also download the full PDF.
Dave
October 22nd, 2008
The following message was sent by Jean-Louis Cardinal Tauran, president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue to Muslim friends on the occasion of the end of Ramadan.
Christians and Muslims:
Together for the dignity of the family
Dear Muslim friends,
1. As the end of the month of Ramadan approaches, and following a now well-established tradition, I am pleased to send you the best wishes of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue. During this month Christians close to you have shared your reflections and your family celebrations; dialogue and friendship have been strengthened. Praise be to God!
2. As in the past, this friendly rendez-vous also gives us an opportunity to reflect together on a mutually topical subject which will enrich our exchange and help us to get to know each other better, in our shared values as well as in our differences. This year we would like to propose the subject of the family.
3. One of the documents of the Second Council Vatican, Gaudium et Spes, which deals with the Church in the modern world, states: ‘The well-being of the individual person and of human and Christian society is intimately linked with the healthy condition of that community produced by marriage and family. Hence Christians and all men who hold this community in high esteem sincerely rejoice in the various ways by which men today find help in fostering this community of love and perfecting its life, and by which parents are assisted in their lofty calling. Those who rejoice in such aids look for additional benefits from them and labour to bring them about.’ (n. 47)
4. These words give us an opportune reminder that the development of both the human person and of society depends largely on the healthiness of the family! How many people carry, sometimes for the whole of their life, the weight of the wounds of a difficult or dramatic family background? How many men and women now in the abyss of drugs or violence are vainly seeking to make up for a traumatic childhood? Christians and Muslims can and must work together to safeguard the dignity of the family, today and in the future.
5. Given the high esteem in which both Muslims and Christians hold the family, we have already had many occasions, from the local to the international level, to work together in this field. The family, that place where love and life, respect for the other and hospitality are encountered and transmitted, is truly the ‘fundamental cell of society.’
6. Muslims and Christians must never hesitate, not only to come to the aid of families in difficulty, but also to collaborate with all those who support the stability of the family as an institution and the exercise of parental responsibility, in particular in the field of education. I need only remind you that the family is the first school in which one learns respect for others, mindful of the identity and the difference of each one. Interreligious dialogue and the exercise of citizenship cannot but benefit from this.
7. Dear friends, now that your fast comes to an end, I hope that you, with your families and those close to you, purified and renewed by those practices dear to your religion, may know serenity and prosperity in your life! May Almighty God fill you with His Mercy and Peace!
Jean-Louis Cardinal Tauran
President
Archbishop Pier Luigi Celata
Secretary
[Translations provided by the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue]
Posted by Dave
September 23rd, 2008
Dialogue Australasia will be holding their next conference 15-17 April 2009 at the Old Parliament Buildings in Canberra. The theme is “Teaching the Abrahamic Religions: Christianity in Dialogue with Judaism & Islam”.
Dialogue Australiasia is an organisation comprising mainly Christian schools in Australia and New Zealand. Their purpose is to “help young people become more fully human by nuturing and promoting the development of a broad-based academic approach to the teaching of Values, Philosophy & Religious Studies”, and their vision is to “be a vibrant organisation that brings together educators who have a shared sense of the importance of our purpose, and a willingess to work together to achieve its objectives.”
According to the conference blurb, “Relations between Christians, Jews and Muslims are among the most divisive, challenging and important issues in the world today. Despite their often violent differences, each share a common heritage as the Children of Abraham and the worship of one God. In a time when understanding these three religions has taken on a new and critical urgency, this important conference will equip educators with practical strategies and resources to enable students to explore the similarities, differences and relationships between the Abrahamic faith traditions.”
For more information, see the Conference Information page.
Dave
September 19th, 2008
Bishop Michael Putney, the Bishop of Townsville, spoke recently at an Iftar dinner jointly hosted by the Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne and the Australian Intercultural Society. He argues that given the dominant secular society that we live in, it is difficult for people of faith to flourish, pass on their beliefs to their children, and support and sustain each other. In order to move beyond tolerance, as religious people we need to have harmonious relationships with people other faiths.
It is a truism now in inter-religious relations that there can be no peace in the world unless there is peace between the World Religions. Unless we religious people have harmonious relationships, and I would argue unless we have real friendship between us and not just tolerance and respect, other forces, political and economic, will be able to use us to further their own causes which bring division and pain to our world.
His speech makes an interesting read … thanks to The Ecumenical and Interfaith Newsblog for the reference.
Dave
September 16th, 2008
Various authors have created a fearful climate arguing that a “clash” of religions and civilisations is inevitable. But many are hopeful that instead, genuine justice and peace can prevail. Kuala Lumpur is a significant location in this given that it stands at the crossroads of Chinese, Indian and South-East Asian cultures, and at the contact point between Islam, Buddhism, Christianity and Judaism. Edward DeBono many years wrote that KL and Malaysia would be critical to watch as an indicator of future global trends, and he even set up office there to watch first hand what developed.
So its great to see the interfaith work of Just International, which has involvement of Muslims, Christians, Hindus and Buddhists, with a long history of Jewish relations too. I don’t agree with all their analysis but at least they have tried hard to present a balanced/multi-viewed approach to news.
Their website is well worth exploring for great insights into global issues, and for positive news of movements for justice and peace. Currently they have insights about Georgia, Kashmir, Thailand, Sudan, Orissa and most of the Middle East. Just tends to focus on anywhere multinationals and governments are using religion to cover-up their violence and oppression. They also have some good news stories of multifaith groups building for the future.
Fr. John
September 3rd, 2008
The World Council of Churches has announced an international ecumenical debate on “The Promised Land”, from 10-14 September in Bern, Switzerland. Sixty-five Christian theologians “will discuss the concept of the ‘Promised Land’ and related theological issues with a view to help more churches become advocates for a just peace.”
“One of the main goals we hope to achieve is to deepen church understanding of biblical promises concerning the land and its peoples. This will require a holistic approach to the biblical message, promoting common understanding of how theological issues may be related to the conflict,” says Michel Nseir, programme executive for the WCC special focus on Middle East. “Different approaches to biblical and theological issues should not prevent common action for a just peace.”
That’s all very interesting from my perspective, however without Muslim and Jewish involvement the prospect of real progress being made is slim. As my favourite local refugee organisation says, “nothing about us without us!”
The WCC’s “Public Witness: Addressing power, affirming peace” project has laudable goals and some great programmes such as the Decade to Overcome Violence. However, the rubber meets the road at the Ecumenical Accompaniment Programme in Palestine and Israel, and it seems like a very one-sided road to this Jewish reader. By effectively taking sides and not acknowledging different perspectives, the Council has turned itself into a political tool rather than an instrument of peacemaking dialogue. To my mind, that’s moving backwards, not forwards, as such exclusion can only lead to more violence on both sides.
For a slightly different but aligned (and more scholarly) perspective, see Frank Crüsemann’s article recently published in Jewish-Christian Relations, 60 Years: The Church and the State of Israel.
Dave
September 2nd, 2008
ACU will host the seventh Abrahamic Conference later this year. The announcement from the Australian Intercultural Society says:
The Abrahamic faiths of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam need to listen to and work together with indigenous voices to recognise injustice and to explore common traditions of reconciliation and moving forward in a new direction. The Abraham Conference provides a practical way forward for people of all faiths and backgrounds to become aware of our responsibilities and thus work towards reconciliation.
Pat Dodson, Mark Leibler AC, and Zuleyha Keskin will speak.
The conference will be held at the Central Hall of the Australian Catholic University 22-24 Brunswick St, Fitzroy, Melbourne on Sunday 19 October 2008, 7-9pm.
September 1st, 2008
The Los Angeles Times has published an interesting article on how the tomb of the Jewish prophet Ezra has been turned into a Shiite shrine. Like many other Jewish prophets, Ezra (Uzair) is a holy figure in Islam. Most of Iraq’s Jews left in 1948 to go to Israel, but the shrine continues to be maintained by the same Muslim family that has looked after it for over a century.
The article contains some great photos too. Read it.
Dave
August 27th, 2008
I’ve been in Auckland the last couple of days at the New Zealand Diversity Forum, of which the Religious Diversity Forum was part. It was really great to see such great commitment from the NZ Government, top down from the Prime Minister Helen Clark, who gave a moving speech to the plenary celebrating the strength of diversity in New Zealand’s changing demographic landscape. An Australian delegation, led by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner and Race Discrimination Commissioner Tom Calma also attended the forum.
About 200 people attended the first half-day Diversity Forum in 2005, which was held after two Jewish cemeteries were desecrated in Wellington. It has since grown to attract more than 1,000 people in an event that spans several days.
At the Religious Diversity Forum, Prof Paul Morris gave a good talk on religious communities’ right to safety and security, and went into some depth into research he’d carried out into religious perspectives on the issue. In the last few years, “minor events” of harassment (ie, where nobody was seriously injured) tend not to have been followed up so as to starve the perpetrators of the “oxygen of publicity” that they often seek in committing such acts. Paul suggests that it’s time to change this policy, and adopt zero-tolerance for attacks on religious communities.
Deputy Commissioner of Police Rob Pope responded with a prepared speech, but I felt that he didn’t have a grasp of the issues. More specifically, Rob seemed to conflate the concepts of race, nationality, ethnicity, and religion into a single entity – which is understandable, but also unhelpful getting to the crux of religious discrimination. I suspect that one of the key reasons for this is that the Human Rights Act covers race, gender, ethnicity and so on, but not religion. Pope also made reference to the Police’s Community Liaison Officers whose roles are modeled on Iwi Liaison Officers, but I’m unaware of any officers specifically dedicated to religious communities (in contrast to ethnic communities). Furthermore, in the recent Police action against Tuhoe, Māori liaison officers were left out of the loop; that’s not a particularly good model! Bottom line: the Police still have a long way to go before they’re asking the right questions, let alone providing the right answers. That said, they appear to be genuinely concerned, and they should be given some points for effort.
Anjum Rahman gave an account of discrimination against Muslim women – but says that things seem to be improving. Verpal Singh also gave an overview of the Sikh community in New Zealand, and highlighted the problem of people misunderstanding the kirpan. A further session addressed New Zealand’s considerable contribution to the UN’s Alliance of Civilisations programme.
The Religious Diversity Forum is where religious communities and the interfaith movement have the chance to interact with Government. That’s great, but the question of representation is a sticky one. Real progress happens at the grassroots, and there is a yawning gap between grassroots religious adherents and the religious elite and diehard interfaith junkies like myself who attend these fora. The Diversity Forum is relatively well funded, resourced, and backed by government agencies, but activities on the ground are performed by volunteers, generally self-funded on a shoestring budget. Real progress will require broader engagement. This need not be expensive or extensive, but it will need to have more consideration applied than is being done at present.
Dave
August 26th, 2008
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